African penguins are monogamous as pairs return to the same breeding sites year after year.
African penguins are monogamous as pairs return to the same breeding sites year after year.
Adult African penguins generally remain within 400 kilometers of their breeding locality, although they have been recorded up to 900 kilometers away.
• Image | © WilliamsJonathan69, Some Rights Reserved (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• Sources | (BirdLife International, 2016; Cooper, 1978; Crawford, et al., 2006, 2008; Hockey, Dean, & Ryan, 2005; Pearce, 2011; Shannon & Crawford, 1999)
