Controlled fires are actually important to bilbies because fire promotes growth and seed production of preferred food plants.

The lifespan of wild bilbies is unknown, but captive bilbies are known to live 6-7 years, the oldest living about 10 years.

Bilbies are promoted as a mascot for the Commonwealth of Australia Endangered Species Program and are replacing rabbits as the Australian symbol of Easter.

Bilbies were once a favorite traditional food and source of fur for Aboriginal peoples of Australia, but the bilby's rarity and protected status has led to the abandonment of these practices.

Bilbies are protected under Australian law and a number of breeding and reintroduction projects have begun with some success, as well as projects to control populations of harmful invasive species.

Little has been recorded about bilby mating in the wild due to their decreasing numbers and semi-fossorial, nocturnal lifestyle, so much observation is done on captive bilbies.

Bilbies have their own Australian holiday, National Bilby Day, annually held on the second Sunday of September in hopes of raising funds and educating the public on bilby conservation.

Bilbies have one of the shortest gestation periods of all mammals, only 14 days, and will give birth to up to 4 litters a year, each consisting of 1-4 offspring.

Male bilbies keep much larger home ranges than females at 1.5-3.16 km² compared to 0.18-1.5 km².

Female bilbies are the only caregivers of young and have a pouch that opens rearward to avoid filling with soil and nipples inside and outside of the pouch.

Bilbies do not drink water, but instead obtain water from their food.

Bilbies display sexual dimorphism as males have enlarged foreheads, longer canines, and a body mass that is twice that of females.

After gestation, premature bilby offspring climb into their mother's pouch for 75 days before being cared for in a burrow for another 14 days until independence.

Since bilbies have soft, silky, blue-grey fur that does not protect their bodies well from termite bites, they dig tunnels leading to termite chambers and lap them up.

The bilby population has significantly decreased over the past 200 years due to habitat loss, disease, vehicular collision, and invasive species that prey on the bilbies and overgraze their habitat's vegetation.

Bilbies have a polygynous mating system in which the most dominant male will mate with any females while lower males will mate with females equal or below them in the social...

Male bilbies possess a linear social hierarchy that is communicated through scent markings, rather than aggression.

Bilbies are vital ecosystem engineers that dig pits while foraging that become fertile patches where native Australian fauna seeds are provided extra fertilization to germinate in a difficult environment.