Pine martens are solitary except when young are in the nest, but can tolerate independent subadults that did not disperse in their first fall.

Pine martens are solitary except when young are in the nest.

Independent subadults are tolerated within the range of adult animals, but these may represent offspring that did not disperse in their first fall.

^{• Image | © Phil Fiddes, Some Rights Reserved (CC BY 2.0)
• Sources | (Schröepfer, Wiegand, & Hogrefe, 1997; Schwanz, 2000)}

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