Although leopards are silent most of the time, they communicate by growling, roaring, spitting, and even purring.

Although leopards are silent most of the time, they communicate with conspecifics by growling, roaring, and spitting when aggravated. They also make a rasping cough to advertise their presence to conspecifics.

Leopards may give a hoarse, rasping cough at repeated intervals to advertise their presence to conspecifics. Males use this unique call to announce territorial boundaries. If another leopard is in the vicinity, it may answer with a similar vocalization and continue vocalizing as it exits the area.

Males also grunt at each other and females call to potential mates when in estrous.

Some leopards may purr while feeding or when content.

^{• Image | © Tambako The Jaguar, Some Rights Reserved (CC BY-ND 2.0)
• Sources | (African Wildlife Foundation, 2009; Guggisberg, 1975; Hunt, 2011; Macaskill, 2009; Nowell & Jackson, 1996)}

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