Kea have decurved upper bills, or culmens, and females have shorter, less curved culmens.
Kea have dark brown bills, cere, iris, legs, and feet. They have decurved upper bills, or culmens.
Females have shorter, less curved culmens.
• Image | ©️ James Ball, Some Rights Reserved, (CC BY 2.5)
• Sources | (Bond, Wilson, & Diamond, 1991; del Hoyo, Elliott, Sargatal, Christie, & de Juana, 2017; Diamond & Bond, 1999)